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Ce:LuAG
Ce:LuAG

Laser Materials

LuAG (Lutetium Aluminum Garnet) is of particular interest as a material for diode pumped solid-state lasers employing active ions such as Yb, Tm, Er, and Ho. This host has the smallest lattice constant of the rare earth garnets and the resulting crystal field in LuAG yields narrower linewidths and higher absorption and emission cross-sections. The net effect is higher efficiency laser devices.

Ce:YAG
Ce:YAG

Laser Materials

Cerium doped YAG is a chemically inert non-hygroscopic inorganic scintillator well matched to charge-coupled device (CCD) sensitivity with peak emission of 550nm. Ce:YAG is commonly used as a phosphor in cathode ray tubes and white light-emitting diodes.

Ce:YAP
Ce:YAP

Laser Materials

Teledyne FLIR Laser Crystals and Components offers high quality Yttrium Orthoaluminate, also referred to as yttrium aluminum perovskite (YAP), doped with Tm, Nd, Pr, Er and Cr.

YAP´s hardness and thermal conductivity are similar to YAG, but exhibits a highly anisotropic thermal expansion coefficient and is birefringent. YAP is an orthorhombic negative biaxial crystal belonging to the D162h (Pnma) space group. Emission wavelengths are polarized, and emission and absorption cross sections are dependent upon the crystallographic orientation. Teledyne FLIR Laser Crystals and Components (along with references [1] and [3] below), use the Pnma space group convention for defining the crystallographic a, b, and c-axis lattice constants. Others (including reference [2]) use the Pbnm convention. In the table below, we related the two conventions thru their common lattice constants.

CLI-30
CLI-30

30 W VCSEL-Based Compact Laser Illuminator

VCSEL-based Compact Laser Illuminator (CLI) is a high power, pulsed laser illuminator capable of up to 30 W of peak output power. Designed for SWaP-sensitive platforms, the CLI provides speckle-free illumination in a passively cooled compact package. Currently available in the NIR band at 860 nm and the SWIR band at 1060 nm, the CLI is controlled through a serial port and operates from 8 up to 1000 Hz.

CLI-650
CLI-650

Compact VCSEL Based 650mW Laser Illuminator

NIR laser illuminators are based on proprietary laser diode technology and achieve superior illumination quality for improved image quality with higher signal-to-noise ratios. 650 mW model provides high brightness illumination in a 3° spot size.

CLI-TO
CLI-TO

Compact VCSEL Based 100mW Laser Illuminator

NIR laser illuminators are based on proprietary laser diode technology and achieve superior illumination quality for improved image quality with higher signal-to-noise ratios. 100mW models provides high brightness illumination in a 3° spot size.

Co:Spinel PASSIVE Q-SWITCH
Co:Spinel PASSIVE Q-SWITCH

Laser Materials

Cobalt-doped magnesium aluminate (Spinel) is a solid-state passive Q-Switch material working in the 1200nm - 1600nm range. Solid-State passive Q-Switches generating high power laser pulses are attractive because they allow for the development of compact low-cost laser sources without the need for a high voltage power supply. Erbium Glass lasers emitting in the 1.5μm are of great interest for being in eye safe wavelength region with applications include dermatology systems, laser surgery, range-finding, environmental sensing, telecommunications, and Lidar.
Passive Q-Switches are specified by initial transmission at the wavelength of interest.

Cr<span>&#8308;&#x207a;</span>:YAG PASSIVE Q-SWITCH
Cr⁴⁺:YAG PASSIVE Q-SWITCH

Laser Materials

C⁴⁺:YAG has become the solid-state passive Q-switch material of choice for 1 micron laser systems, offering several significant advantages over active acousto-optic and electro-optic devices, including:

• Eliminates the need for a high voltage power supply
• Reduce packaging size and weight
• Improved reliability and a longer lifetime in 1064 nm Nd:YAG lasers.
• Readily fabricated into high optical quality OEM components.

A small fraction of the chromium ions in YAG can be induced to change valence from the normal Cr³⁺ to Cr⁴⁺ with the addition of charge compensating impurities such as Mg²⁺ or Ca²⁺. The best measure of the Cr⁴⁺ concentration is the low power absorption coefficient alpha at 1064 nm. The typical values of alpha vary from 1-7 cm-1 for passive Q-switch applications. References 1)

CTH:YAG
CTH:YAG

Laser Materials

Triple doped Cr³⁺,Tm³⁺, Ho³⁺:YAG is an efficient solid-state laser medium for 2097nm generation, widely used in military, medicine, and remote sensing applications. High spectral overlap of pump radiation (lamp or diode) with the Cr³⁺ and Tm³⁺ absorption bands, and a highly efficient conversion from the absorption bands into the ⁵I₇ -> ⁵I₈ Ho³⁺ emission band, enables 2 micron laser architectures with high quantum efficiency. [1], [2]

Er:YAG
Er:YAG

Laser Materials

Highly doped (50%) Erbium YAG is a well-known laser source for producing 2940nm emission, commonly used in medical [1] (e.g. cosmetic skin resurfacing), and dental [2] (e.g., oral surgery) applications due to the strong water and hydroxyapatite absorption at this wavelength.

Low doped (< 1%) Erbium YAG has been studied as an efficient means to generate high power and high energy 1.6 micron ‘eye-safe’ laser emission thru 2 level resonant pumping schemes. In these systems, fiber or diode lasers pump the ~1.5 micron ⁴I₁₅⸝₂ − > ⁴I₁₃⸝₂ absorption band, where non-radiative coupling between stark levels allows 1.6 micron laser emission with quantum efficiencies in excess of 90% [3].

Gallium Garnet
Gallium Garnet

Laser Materials

Teledyne FLIR Laser Crystals and Components offers a variety of gallium garnet laser materials for your production and/or R&D efforts.

Dopant/Host combinations previously studied include:

• YSGG - Er, Cr activated YSGG is used in lamp pumped medical applications[1]
• GSGG - Nd, Cr activated GSGG is used for high transfer efficiency lamp pumped systems [2], [3]
• GGG
• TGG
• YGG
• LuGG

Gallium Garnet crystals are available with a variety of dopant ions including Er, Cr, Nd, Yb, Ce, Pr, Eu, Ho, & Tm.

Ho:YAG
Ho:YAG

Laser Materials

Ho³⁺ ions doped into insulating laser crystals have exhibited 14 inter-manifold laser channels, operating in temporal modes from CW to mode-locked [1]. Ho:YAG is commonly used as an efficient means to generate 2.1-μm laser emission from the ⁵I₇ - ⁵I₈ transition, for applications such as laser remote sensing, medical surgery, and pumping Mid-IR OPO’s to achieve 3-5micron emission. Direct diode pumped systems [2], [3] and Tm: Fiber Laser pumped systems[4] have demonstrated hi slope efficiencies, some approaching the theoretical limit.

Host/Dopant Combinations
Host/Dopant Combinations

Custom Materials Development

The Teledyne FLIR crystal and laser components group has grown a wide range of specialty and hard to find laser materials, including:

• Mixed garnet materials for compositional wavelength tuning.
• Gallium Garnet material such as YGG, GGG, GSGG, YSGG
• Not finding what you are looking for?

Ask us about our Custom Material Development Programs.

MLI-100
MLI-100

Miniature Laser Pointer

The VCSEL-based Miniature Laser Illuminator (MLI) is designed for SWaP-sensitive platforms, including unmanned aerial vehicles and hand-held systems for military personnel. Available in 100 mW and 400 mW models at 808, 850, or 860 nm, the MLI is controlled through a serial port and can operate in both CW and QCW modes. Externally controlled brightness and pulsing are available. Because the MLI is an OEM component, can customize it to fit your specific requirements.

MLI-400
MLI-400

Miniature Laser Pointer

VCSEL-based Miniature Laser Illuminator (MLI) is designed for SWaP-sensitive platforms, including unmanned aerial vehicles and hand-held systems for military personnel. Available in 100 mW and 400 mW models at 808, 850, or 860 nm, the MLI is controlled through a serial port and can operate in both CW and QCW modes. Externally controlled brightness and pulsing are available. Because the MLI is an OEM component, can customize it to ft your specific requirements.

MLP
MLP

Miniature Laser Pointer

Miniature Laser Pointer (MLP) is useful for marking objects from long distances, and is compatible with all generations of night vision goggles. The ultralow weight of the FLIR MLP enables its use in small vehicles and in handheld applications. The timing sequence has multiple patterns available for user/OEM flexibility. User-defined patterns and ramping/flashing are also allowed.

MLR10K-LX
MLR10K-LX

High Performance Laser Rangefinders

LX rangefinders are designed to be suitable for commercial and military applications alike, and are ideal for dynamic environments, such as ranging from moving platforms and/or ranging moving targets. Integration into larger assemblies such as handheld systems, gimbals, masts, or UAVs is simplified with its small size and ample mounting features.

Nd:YAG
Nd:YAG

Laser Materials

The first operation of yttrium aluminum garnet doped with tri-valent Neodymium as a laser gain media was demonstrated at Bell Labs in 1964 [1]. Today, Nd:YAG has achieved a position of dominance among solid-state laser materials, being the most widely used lasing medium world-wide, with applications spanning medical, industrial, military and scientific markets. Nd:YAG lasers typically emit infrared light at 1064nm - however other transitions near 940, 1120, 1320, and 1440 nm are also used [2].

SABER-NIR
SABER-NIR

Near-Infrared VCSEL Illuminator

The SABER-NIR illuminator provides high-power, near-infrared illumination for use with night vision and I2 imagers. With up to 499mW of adjustable NIR illumination, the SABER-NIR provides unsurpassed beam uniformity for the ultimate capability in feature resolution and target discrimination. Small and lightweight, the battery operated SABER-NIR can be rifle-mounted or handheld. With variable beam divergence and variable intensity from 10mW to 499mW, it can be used for both close quarter, long-range, and precision applications. The SABER-NIR provides a key tool for operators day or night.

The sale of these devices, intended solely for use by government law enforcement agency personnel, is restricted to Federal, state, and local government law enforcement agencies through a direct purchase order.

Space Grade Nd:YAG
Space Grade Nd:YAG

Laser Materials

Teledyne FLIR’s radiation hardened “Space Grade” Nd:YAG is designed to handle the harsh high-energy environment of space, and has been the laser gain material of choice for several missions including: Exo Mars Rover 2022 (ESA), Lisa gravitational wave interferometer (ESA, NASA), and Osiris-Rex (NASA).

TGG
TGG

Laser Materials

Terbium Gallium Garnet (TGG) is an excellent magneto-optical crystal used for optical isolator and rotator devices in the range of 400nm-1100nm, excluding 470-500nm. TGG has a high Verdet constant resulting in the Faraday effect making it most suitable for Faraday devices.

Advantages include:

• High Verdet Constant (35 Rad T⁻¹ m⁻¹)
• Thermal Conductivity (7.4W m⁻¹ K⁻¹)
• Low optical losses (<0.1%/cm)

Tm:YAG
Tm:YAG

Laser Materials

Tm:YAG is used as an efficient means to generate high power 2.01 micron laser emission from the ³F₄ - ³H₆ transition, for surgical cutting and coagulation applications due to the high water absorption at this wavelength [1]. Diode pumping is commonly employed into the 785nm ³H₆-³H₄ absorption feature. Of interest in Tm³⁺ activated systems is the increased quantum efficiency obtained thru Tm-Tm ion cross relaxation; a non-radiative process where an excited Thulium in the ³H₄ state (energy level around 12900 cm −1 ) decays to the ³F₄ state (energy level around 6000 cm −1 ) and a nearest neighbor ground-state Thulium ion is promoted to the ³F₄ level, along with phonon byproduct to satisfy energy conservation [2]. Thus, in appropriate concentrations, a single Thulium ion excited to the ³H₄ level generates two Thulium ions in the ³F₄ upper laser level.

Tm:YAP
Tm:YAP

Laser Materials

Teledyne FLIR Laser Crystals and Components offers high quality Yttrium Orthoaluminate, also referred to as yttrium aluminum perovskite (YAP), doped with Tm, Nd, Pr, Er and Cr.

YAP´s hardness and thermal conductivity are similar to YAG, but exhibits a highly anisotropic thermal expansion coefficient and is birefringent. YAP is an orthorhombic negative biaxial crystal belonging to the D162h (Pnma) space group. Emission wavelengths are polarized, and emission and absorption cross sections are dependent upon the crystallographic orientation. Teledyne FLIR Laser Crystals and Components (along with references [1] and [3] below), use the Pnma space group convention for defining the crystallographic a, b, and c-axis lattice constants. Others (including reference [2]) use the Pbnm convention. In the table below, we related the two conventions thru their common lattice constants.

Undoped YAG & LuAG Crystal Optics
Undoped YAG & LuAG Crystal Optics

Custom Laser Optics

YAG & LuAG provide significant advantages for MIR medical & high energy UV materials processing applications. Benefits include:

• High Transparency
• High refractive index
• Non-birefringent
• High damage threshold
• High thermal conductivity
• Chemically & mechanically robust

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